A washing machine is a machine designed to clean clothes and other household textiles such as towels and bed sheets. Usually limited to machines that use water for washing, as opposed to dry cleaning which uses alternative cleaning fluids and is usually performed by specialized businesses.
Description
A washing machine is a tool that functions to wash clothes or cloth for household needs or for business purposes, in use this machine is very helpful in alleviating the work of housewives because when washing with a machine, these mothers can carry out other activities without disturbed by washing activities.
According to research in 1886 women fetched water eight to ten times each day from a water pump, well, or spring. The process of washing clothes is tiring and very time-consuming, starting with soaking the clothes and then brushing them one by one, after that the clothes will be rinsed with new water, and the most tiring stage is wringing the clothes out by hand and then drying them in the hot sun.
Machine wash
The technology for washing clothes developed in several stages, starting with the discovery of a machine made of wood but it did not last long because of many problems, then a machine made of metal was made so that it could start a fire from under the machine so that it could warm the water during the washing process.
The benefit of washing with a machine is that it washes more clothes compared to washing it manually. This washing machine has been designed and modified with more capacity on the milling or rinsing machine. In other words, we can wash clothes at a capacity according to the rules of the washing machine easily and quietly.
One of the main reasons why many housewives want to have a washing machine is they don't have to worry about the weather. So that the clothes will dry faster even though it's the rainy season because this washing machine has added advantages to help the drying process, after the clothes are dried in the washing machine you only need to dry them for a few minutes, you don't need hours, then the clothes will immediately be lifted and ironed or worn.
If we wash clothes manually, it may result in fading, fading, prints that start to disappear, and other things because we are forced to remove stubborn stains with a washing brush that is rough, coarse, and this is definitely not good for clothes.
In this washing machine, you only need to put the clothes in the washing machine and the clothes are immediately cleaned and washed safely and quietly. So as to minimize damage to clothing.
The first washer was a board invented in 1797. In the mid-1850s commercial steam washers were invented and sold in England and the United States.
Developments in washing machine technology in the US placed greater emphasis on developing machines for washing at home, although machines for commercial laundry services were widely used in the 20th and early 19th centuries.
The rotary washing machine was patented by Hamilton Smith in 1858. Since electricity was not generally available until at least the 1930s some washing machines could only spin at low speed on 10000mah of gasoline.
The early generations of washing machines were dangerous
The washing machine that was invented before the birth of the modern electric washing machine was very troublesome and dangerous, because in the early generations of washing machines there were open parts in the machine which could cause injury to the wearer such as a roll that functions to squeeze clothes which, if not careful, can cause them to pull. hair or clothing that is being worn so that it can result in serious accidents, finally washing machines like this are prohibited from being produced and marketed.
The modern process of spinning water did not come into being until the electric motor was developed. Spin requires a constant source of high speed and power, initially the extortion process is carried out in a separate device called the "extractor".
Washed clothes will be transferred from the sink to the extractor basket, and the water will come out of a separate line. Various attempts have been made to eliminate unstable vibrations such as installing a rotating basket on a floating frame to absorb even the slightest vibration.
Combined process
The current automatic washing machine is a combination of two machines that work relevantly, namely a washing machine and a wringer/dryer, which are made in one package. tool.
Early development of the washing machine
- In 1691 the first patent was issued in England in the category of washing machines that could squeeze .
- In 1782, Jacob Christian Schaffer from Germany designed a washing machine.
- Henry Sidgier issued a British patent for a rotating drum washing machine.
- In 1862 a "Coupling rotary washing machine, with rollers for wringing or mangling" was patented by Richard Lansdale of Pendleton, Manchester.
- The first patent in the United States entitled "Washing Clothes" was granted to Nathaniel Briggs of New Hampshire in 1797.
- In 1836 the patent office burned down so that no description of the washing machine device has survived. A device combining a washing machine with a spin mechanism did not appear until 1843, when John E. Turnbull of Saint John, New Brunswick of Canada patented the "Rolls Washer With Wringer."
- Margaret Colvin invented the Washer Triumph Rotary, which was exhibited in the Women's Pavilion at the Centennial International Exposition from 1876 in Philadelphia.
The electric washing machine advertised in newspapers and discussed as early as 1904 by Alva J. Fisher has been wrongly credited with the invention of the electric washing machine. The US Patent Office demonstrated at least one patent issued before Mr Fisher's US patent number 966677 (eg Woodrow's US patent number 921195). the "inventor" of the electric washing machine is still unknown.
Washing machine designs improved during the 1930s. The machine mechanism is enclosed in the body, and more attention is paid to electrical and mechanical safety. spin dryer was introduced to replace the hazardous power mangle/squeezer. In 1940, 60% of 25,000,000 homes in the United States had electric washing machines. Many of these machines feature a power squeezer, although built-in spin dryers are not uncommon.
Various Kinds of Washing Machines
There are several types of washing machines that are commonly used at home, some of these types have advantages and disadvantages.
For those of you who need information about a good/good type of washing machine, or those of you who are still confused about choosing and buying a washing machine, maybe this article will help a little, for more details, let's read the description below. single tube washing machine, front loading
Single tube/single door washing machine
In this type of washing machine, there are two different forms according to how to put clothes into it, namely: top loading washing machine and front loading washing machine.
- The front door washing machine (front loading) has one tube made of stainless steel. With a vertical position with a horizontal working system. Some of the advantages of this type of washing machine are:
- The shape is large so that it has a capacity that can accommodate a lot of laundry.
- Little/frugal use of water.
- Washed clothes are not easily damaged because the work process does not use a pulsator and the rotation is not too fast.
How to use it is also very practical, just by pressing one button, all the washing processes will go wrong until the drying process is complete.
Apart from the advantages, there are also drawbacks to this washing machine, namely the wasteful use of electricity, besides that the price of this washing machine is arguably still expensive.
The top loading washing machine has a tube made of stainless steel with a larger size than a two tube washing machine, this is because the machine has a dual function, namely washing and drying automatically, so it saves us more time and energy.
Because everything is completely automatic, no extra attention is needed during the washing process. The advantages and disadvantages are not much different from a front loading washing machine, it's just that we need to pay attention in choosing the type of clothes to be washed because this machine uses a pulsator which will rotate the clothes which allows clothes with fragile materials to be easily damaged, the way to overcome this is by selecting the type of clothing to be washed.
Another drawback of top loading washing machines is that they use a lot of water. The way a top loading washing machine works starts from the stage of filling with water, then mixing it with soap, then dumping the water that has been mixed with soap and filling it again with clean water (rinsing). So that the water needed in the washing process on a top loading washing machine is more.
There are two types of washing machines that work with an automatic system, namely:
- Full computerized, the washing machine will work itself after we press the button before washing and will stop after the entire washing and drying process is complete.
- Semi-computerized, the name itself semi means that it doesn't fully work automatically, we will be involved in several washing processes from starting to press the start button, pause or pressing the MENU button to see what the machine is doing, such as: just washing, just rinsing, or just drying it.
Washing machine two tubes / twin tube The two-tube/twin tube washing machine is the most widely used by our society, perhaps because the price is more economical compared to the types of washing machines previously described.
One of the drawbacks is the method of operation which is still manual, that is, you still use the rotary knob starting from turning the button to wash, dry and dispose of water. So that more attention is needed when we do the washing process. So it requires more energy and attention.
The advantages of a twin tube washing machine:
- Cleaner washing results.
- Save electricity because the use of electricity is economical so that it can be used in homes with 450 watts of electricity.
- Easy and inexpensive maintenance. the price of spare parts is cheaper than an automatic washing machine.
How to operate a twin tube washing machine:
- First, soak the laundry in a larger tube (a special tube for washing).
- After soaking, start with the washing and rinsing process in the tube.
- The last is the drying process using a small tube, namely a special tube for drying.
